題目：COVID-19疫情停課期間小學生的焦慮感和人際關係變化

摘要：

本研究旨在探討台灣國小學生在COVID-19停課期間的焦慮感及家庭關係變化。2021年夏季，來自基隆市的815名六年級學生參與了線上橫斷面調查。調查測量了韌性（resilience）、COVID-19相關焦慮感、停課期間的焦慮感以及與父母、手足和同儕的關係變化。採用階層線性回歸分析焦慮感的影響因素，並將性別和家庭經濟狀況作為控制變項。

結果顯示，即使是從2021年5月19日到8月31日為期三個月的短暫停課期間，學生的COVID-19相關焦慮感仍然相當強烈。較低的COVID-19相關焦慮感、改善的親子關係和手足關係，以及較高的韌性，均顯著與焦慮感的減少相關。這些結果強調了韌性和正向家庭關係在減緩疫情壓力中的重要保護作用。然而，研究發現同儕關係的變化並非焦慮感的顯著預測因子，這與針對西方年長青少年的研究結果有所不同，這可能與發展階段的差異有關，因為處於早期青春期的青少年在面對壓力時，更依賴家庭關係而非同儕互動。

研究建議，政府在疫情期間應更重視兒少的心理健康，透過推動增強家庭連結和建立韌性的公共衛生措施來改善兒少的心理福祉。同時，將韌性培養課程，如「正向人際與生活導向訓練」（PILOT）等，納入學校課程中，有助於青少年更好地應對疫情相關的壓力及其他挑戰。這些策略不僅能減輕停課期間的心理影響，還能幫助青少年更好地應對未來的危機。

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the anxiety levels and changes in family relationships among elementary school students in Taiwan during the COVID-19 school closure period. A total of 815 sixth-grade students from Keelung City participated in an online cross-sectional survey in the summer of 2021. The survey measured resilience, COVID-19-related anxiety, anxiety during school closure, and changes in relationships with parents, siblings, and peers. Hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze factors affecting anxiety levels, with sex and family economic status as covariates.

The results showed that, despite the brief three-month school closure from May 19 to August 31, 2021, COVID-19-related anxiety was still notably intense. Lower levels of COVID-19-related anxiety, improved parent-child and sibling relationships, and higher resilience were significantly associated with reduced anxiety. These findings highlight the crucial protective roles of resilience and positive family relationships in mitigating pandemic stress. However, changes in peer relationships were not significant predictors of anxiety, differing from findings in studies on older adolescents in Western contexts. This may be due to developmental differences, as early adolescents rely more on familial relationships than peer interactions to cope with stress.

The study recommends that governments prioritize the mental health of children and adolescents during pandemics by promoting public health measures that strengthen family bonds and build resilience. Incorporating resilience-building programs, such as Positive Interpersonal and Life Orientation Training (PILOT), into school curricula can help adolescents better cope with pandemic-related stress and other challenges. These strategies can mitigate the psychological impacts of school closures and better prepare adolescents for future crises.

研究全文請參考：https://doi.org/10.1177/10105395241294124